Yet, for the Indigenous populations of Guatemala, independence has not meant an end to racism, exploitation, and abandonment. What remains to be understood from the perspective of migration is that in many places in Guatemala, it is not that the State has abandoned themit is that the State has never been. Written on 25 November 2020. MARTIN: People in Indigenous communities are exposed to the same disinformation as elsewhere and the falsehood that the vaccine is experimental. Nebaj: derechos de tierras ejidales es restituido al pueblo Ixil. [Nebaj: ejido land rights restored to the Ixil people] Prensa Comunitaria, 4 August 2020. https://www.prensacomunitaria.org/2020/08/nebaj-derecho-de-tierras-ejidales-es-restituido-al-pueblo-ixil/, [21] Tres comunidades vencieron a las municipalidades que intentaban usurpara sus tierras. [Three communities defeated municipalities trying to usurp their land] Nmada, 17 August 2020. https://nomada.gt/identidades/guatemala-rural/3-comunidades-vencieron-a-las-municipalidades-que-intentaban-usurpar-sus-tierras/, [22] Toro, David. Confronting abusers like China demands accountability for the treatment of Indigenous people at home. 75% of Guatemalas indigenous population lives in rural areas areas that are harder to reach and more difficult to support from a distance. Review of the burden of vision impairment and blindness and ocular disease occurrence in Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. Guatema The UN Human Rights Office and the mechanisms we support work on a wide range of human rights topics. Get the latest from our news, events and meetings. Guatemala has ratified ILO Convention 169 (which the Constitutional Court elevated to constitutional status in 2010, obliging the country to recognise the rights of Indigenous Peoples), the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and the FAO Policy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples. This article is part of the 35th edition of The Indigenous World, a yearly overview produced by IWGIA that serves to document and report on the developments Indigenous Peoples have experienced. He launched a campaign against indigenous communities and rural citizens, forcing indigenous men to join the military to fight the rebellions. For NPR News, I'm Maria Martin in Santiago Atitlan, Guatemala. [9], The government formed a State Council to address issues of national importance, including strategies to address COVID-19, to which various sectors of the country (businessmen, religious leaders, civil society) were invited. In October and November 2020, the Central American region was devastated by hurricanes Eta and Iota, wreaking havoc on the people and their livelihoods, especially the Indigenous Peoples of the Atlantic Coast or Northern Lowlands. Guatemalas government does not take any measures to empower its indigenous community or ensure access to basic resources. A year ago, as one of his first acts in office, President Alejandro Giammattei slashed the budget of the so-called. Guatemala is home to 24 principal ethnic groups. Meanwhile, remarks about the incident by Guatemala's president did little to help the situation. IWGIA - International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs - is a global human rights organisation dedicated to promoting, protecting and defending Indigenous Peoples rights. Indigenous medicine has been important for strengthening the immune system, controlling fever and reducing respiratory congestion. Engaging Indigenous People as meaningful partners in development enhances their ability to promote their rights, determine their own priorities, and advance their self-reliance. "Sadly, this is not an isolated case; too often in Guatemala those who defend land and the environment are considered criminals.". After provisionally protected the communities of the Qeqchi people by opposing the construction of two internationally funded hydroelectric projects in their territory, the Constitutional Court eventually issued a final judgment that approves the continuation of the projects and forces the Government to formulate and approve a regulation to standardise the holding of community consultations. USAID also provides professional development opportunities to the indigenous leaders with an emphasis on youth and women. During his presidency, Arvalo made a number of positive changes for the country granting Guatemalan women the right to vote, allowing freedom of speech and reforming social security, healthcare, and education. Extensive global experience with environmental assessments, socio-economics, traditional ecological knowledge, and enhancing community well-being.<br><br>Supporting consultation services for First Nation Impact Benefit Agreements and Indigenous Economic Development Corporations . Dozens of countries are backing an effort that would . We need to fight against the lack of recognition of indigenous peoples in Guatemala, as well as to protect and conserve our natural resources, which are so important to our way of life. GENEVA (27 July 2021) UN rights experts* have expressed concerns over the criminalisation, violations of due process and health rights of an indigenous human rights defender in Guatemala. One widely repudiated act was the murder of Domingo Choc, a Qeqch Indigenous healer from San Luis, Petn department. The origin of Guatemalas Mayan population can be traced back to 1800 B.C. According to figures from the 2018 census, Guatemala has a population of 14.9 million inhabitants, 6.5 million (43.75%) of which self-identify as Indigenous, from the Maya, Garfuna and Xinca Indigenous Peoples, or Creole (Afrodescendants). The U.S. government also became increasingly concerned, fearing the impact on American investments in the country. We evaluated the prevalence of MG and MG AMR-associated mutations in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malta and Peru and women at-risk for sexually transmitted infections in Guatemala, South Africa, and Morocco; five countries . Bernardo's lawyers immediately filed an appeal following his conviction however the hearings have been cancelled or suspended on numerous occasions, including due the decision of 69 judges from the appeals chamber to refrain from hearing the case. The .gov means its official. La violencia epistmica contra los pueblos indgenas. [Epistemic violence against Indigenous Peoples] Debates Indgenas, 1 August 2020. https://debatesindigenas.org/ENG/ns/59-epistemic-violence.html, [18] La CIDH condena asesinatos y agresiones contra personas defensoras en Guatemala. [IACHR condemns murders and aggression against human rights defenders in Guatemala] OAS, 11 September 2020. http://www.oas.org/es/cidh/prensa/comunicados/2020/215.asp, [19]El guatemalteco Jos Cal fue nombrado relator de ONU para Pueblos Indgenas. [Guatemalan Jos Cal appointed UN rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples] El Peridico, 30 April 2020. https://elperiodico.com.gt/nacionales/2020/04/30/el-guatemalteco-jose-cali-fue-nombrado-relator-de-onu-para-pueblos-indigenas2/, [20] Herrera, Feliciana. The Guatemalan government has done little to support Indigenous communities, and racism and discrimination continuea slow genocide that kills by neglect, often making migration the only option. MARTIN: "We have a health care system that's precarious and ignored, with a budget that's truly embarrassing," says Alicia Samuc. While he did not succeed in ending the civil war, he did play an important role in the Central-American Peace Accord of 1987 which helped lay a foundation to the end of the war. They reach a certain age and know that they have to leave, Colom says. This in a country where Indigenous people comprise at least 40% of the population. "More and more people do not even consider staying. The . In the past years, indigenous youth have been focusing on recovering the ancestral wisdom of their grandparents. Some contributions include, indigenous peoples' successful struggles against deforestation, mineral, oil and gas extraction in their ancestral lands; their fight against further expansion of. society demanded transparency and fairness in the use of public funds. However, alternative reports indicate this number is actually closer to 60%, meaning a majority of the Guatemalan population is indigenous. And within Guatemala, rural and Indigenous communities are feeling it the hardest. For five centuries, a systematic attack has persisted, in a bid to bring an end to the creation, conservation and transmission of the knowledge of native peoples. RATZAN PABLO: They remember how the disease is coming, you know? Guatemala. Guatemalas civil war began in 1960. A newly unsealed federal criminal indictment also describes how MS-13 gang leaders negotiated with El Salvador's top jailer, Osiris Luna Meza, who now oversees Nayib Bukele's new mega-prison. Indigenous people continue to lag behind Guatemalan society as a whole in terms of health, education, employment and income, a situation that is worse for Indigenous women. Of the five, only Rudy Alcala has been vaccinated. The then-leader of the country, Rafael Carrera, began to rule as a dictator, later declaring Guatemala a sovereign republic in 1847. This reflects the systematic way in which the production, preservation and transmission of native peoples wisdom is attacked in an attempt to impose other ways of knowing, thinking and believing. In fact, they have been more restricted than men in terms of their mobility both inside and outside their communities. Any survivors were enslaved and forced to work on their stolen land. All rights reserved. Samuc blames a lack of leadership for the COVID crisis in Indigenous communities like Santiago, beginning with Guatemala's President Alejandro Giammattei and the three health ministers he's appointed in less than two years. The use, management, and conservation of water are not officially regulated, andseveral private companies take advantage of this by not paying for their water usage, nor contributing to water conservation, and without assumingany responsibility for pollution caused by discharges of waste. A good example is the Rocj Pontil Project of the Hidro Energa S.A. company on Qeqchi territory in the Alta Verapaz department. IAPA highlighted a "strategy of criminalisation and . October 26, 2021 A Call to Action to Stop Repression against Q'eqchi Peoples in Guatemala En espaol On October 24, 2021, Guatemala's President Alejandro Giammattei declared a state of siege (martial law) in the town of El Estor, Izabal, in response to clashes between Indigenous Q'eqchi land defenders and the State police. MANUEL PICAHAU: (Through interpreter) Watch a cable station that plays a lot of news from the United States, and there are a lot of people there getting sick because of the vaccine. The disregard for Indigenous communities is also seen in poverty rates. Amid the increase in poverty, malnutrition among children has exploded, registering more than 20,000 cases in 2021. Download Citation | On Feb 27, 2023, Matthew Reichert and others published Indigenous Community-Directed Needs Assessment for Rehabilitation Therapy Services | Find, read and cite all the research . . However, alternative reports indicate this number is actually closer to 60%, meaning a majority of the Guatemalan population is indigenous. Both of these departments have high rates of migration. Until 1944, different dictators continued to rule Guatemala. Guatemala is home to more than 24 ethnic groups, the majority of which are of Mayan descent. [11], The most severe impact of the pandemic on Guatemalas Indigenous population has undoubtedly been the loss of human life, especially the elderly, healers, midwives, spiritual guides, men and women who have fallen victim to this disease. MARTIN: It's a Sunday morning in another Indigenous town called Santa Maria de Jesus. Photo: AEPDI - Q'eqchi Ombudsman Office. Posted in Guatemala, The world of the Q'eqch. And so did several others who worked on this project. For the next 30 years, Guatemalas military governed the country, undoing all of Arbenzs reforms. Although the Government of Guatemala has adopted the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the countrys indigenous peoples continue to face a number of challenges. El Peridico, 23 May 2020. https://elperiodico.com.gt/nacionales/2020/05/23/pueblos-indigenas-los-mas-vulnerables-ante-el-covid-19/, [8] Escobar, Erving. Join us and make a difference. Last year, elections took place to choose the new President of Guatemala. The Kich Indigenous organisation of the 48 Cantons of Totonicapn, the Xinca Peoples Parliament and the Indigenous Peoples of Solol led a further protest in the capital for the same reasons. Learn more. MARTIN: Ratzan Pablo believes in the power of prayer but also of modern medicine. A lock () or https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. Across the Navajo reservation, these emergencies have motivated Din communities to step up and help their people as quickly as possible by distributing care packages to families; providing computers, laptops, free internet access, and food packages; or contributing . Read the full text about the countries in the newest version of The Indigenous World. All countries featured on our website can be found in the Indigenous World - IWGIA's global report on the rights of indigenous peoples. GUATEMALA ON FILM Here are five commercially available films to give a sense of Guatemalan history and culture. Written on 01 April 2022. On June 18, Guatemalan exiles who were armed and trained by the CIA and U.S. Marine Corps officers invaded Guatemala. MARTIN: With little hope of things changing soon, many Maya prefer to use their traditional remedies to fight off the virus, says Maya priestess Dolores Ratzan Pablo. More and more people do not even consider staying. RATZAN PABLO: (Non-English language spoken). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Similarly, the departments and municipalities with the highest rates of returned adult migrants have predominantly indigenous populations. The largest of these landowners was the United Fruit Company, who started a propaganda campaign against Arbenzs government. The Maya can be further divided into 24 groups: the Achi', Akateco, Awakateco . The Strategy provides a roadmap to improve development outcomes by addressing the inequities historically suffered by Indigenous Peoples, while elevating their contributions and knowledge within society. Manuel Picahau gets his news from a local station. Imperialism is as alive and kicking as that one raucous neighbor that is always throwing house parties and fighting with their girlfriend at 3AM. These bad conditions have become even worse during the COVID-19 pandemic. [18], Among the more positive aspects of the year, the following are noteworthy: a) the appointment of Mr. Francisco Cal, an indigenous Kaqchikel, as UN Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples;[19] b) four favourable rulings issued by the Constitutional Court in favour of the restitution of Indigenous ancestral lands to the Ixil and Chort peoples, promoted by the Mesa de Tierras Comunales [Community Lands Board];[20], [21] c) the ruling of the Constitutional Court suspending the activities of the CGN mining company operating in Qech territory and requiring consultation of the community;[22] and d) the recognition by the municipal authorities of Itzapa, Escuintla department, and Taxisco, Santa Rosa department, of the Xinca and Mestizo communities rights of ownership and ancestral occupation of their ancestral territories located in the Pacific Coastal Region.[23]. MARTIN: Fifty-four-year-old Jose Santana says he finds it hard to trust anything coming from the Guatemalan government, especially from the president. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. Productores de verduras bloquean Los Encuentros a pesar del confinamiento por el coronavirus [Vegetable producers block Los Encuentros in spite of coronavirus lockdown] Prensa Libre, 15 May 2020. https://www.prensalibre.com/ciudades/solola/giammattei-responde-a-campesinos-que-bloquearon-los-encuentros-a-pesar-del-confinamiento-por-el-coronavirus-breaking/, [9] Indgenas cierran caminos en Guatemala para exigir la renuncia del presidente. [Indigenous peoples close roads in Guatemala to demand President's resignation] Infobae, 9 December 2020. https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2020/12/10/indigenas-cierran-caminos-en-guatemala-para-exigir-renuncia-del-presidente, [10] Vega, Juan Manuel. USAID/Guatemala works to increase awareness, knowledge and recognition of Indigenous Peoples rights, culture, history, and knowledge systems. [Guatemala suffering 61% multidimensional poverty] El Economista, 26 November 2019. https://www.eleconomista.net/actualidad/Guatemala-afronta-una-pobreza-multidimensional-del-61-20191126-0028.html, [7] Montepeque, Ferdy. Amidst pervasive racism, wealthy foreigners in Guatemala oversaw land thefts, decades of brutal dictatorships, coup dtats, and a thirty-six-year-long internal armed conflict (1960-1996) which killed 200,000 people, displaced one million, and left 45,000 people missing or disappeared. The structural inequalities that have plagued Guatemalas Indigenous communities have remained. It just keeps coming. 4 out of 5 indigenous people live in poverty, and 21.8% of the indigenous community is affected by extreme poverty compared to 7.4% of the non-indigenous population. USAID encourages Indigenous Peoples participation throughout the design and implementation of programs within Guatemala to ensure that all activities consider Indigenous Peoples development priorities. This has led many to consider irregular migration as a remedy to these problems, especially when food insecurity and lack of economic opportunity is an imminent threat. An indigenous woman in Guatemala is more likely than all her fellow citizens to be sick, illiterate, poor and overwhelmed by too many unplanned children. On Thursday, February 23, the US Justice Department announced that, with the cooperation of the government of Mexico, it had taken into custody three high . It is a clear manifestation of epistemic inequality in which Indigenous knowledge is underestimated for its supposed lack of scientific rigour or is cancelled completely because it goes against the beliefs of the dominant religions. 4 out of 5 indigenous Guatemalans live in poverty and have limited access to healthcare, education, and other basic services. [13] The government suppressed these protests, resulting in deaths, injuries and arrests. . [4] Memorial de Solol Anales de los Cakchiqueles. Direct translation from the original and notes by Adrin Recinos. Of the 23 political parties that, only four had indigenous candidates. As a result, in May 1954, the U.S. government launched a plan to overthrow Arbenz, with the help of Nicaragua and Honduras. The Progressive Inc. publishes The Progressive magazine plus Progressive.org and Public Schools Advocate. Guatemala continues to suffer from a lack of reliable data on its indigenous peoples. Diseases against which they have no immunity have been a recurrent feature of their history and, together with wars, exploitation of their labour and abuses in the form of the collection of taxes, have been the cause of the disappearance of numerous Indigenous communities.[5]. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. Learn more. [15] Then, tropical storm Iota caused huge devastation, including the flooding of several towns that were subsequently declared uninhabitable, such as Campur and Sesajal, two Q'eqch communities in San Pedro Charch, in Alta Verapaz department, where around 900 homes were completely submerged. For general information on the treatment of indigenous people in Guatemala, please consult GTM28707.E of 18 March . The pandemic did not stop the Indigenous struggle for recognition of their fundamental rights, although criminalisation of land and territorial defenders also increased. Los pueblos coloniales de la costa sur de Guatemala. [The colonial villages of Guatemala's south coast], Prensa Libre, 22 January 2017. https://www.prensalibre.com/revista-d/los-pueblos-coloniales-de-la-costa-sur/, [6] Guatemala afronta una pobreza multidimensional del 61%. Indigenous Peoples the challenges they face Indigenous peoples face many challenges. The diverse and beautiful country draws hundreds of thousands of tourists each year. Jeff Abbott is an independent journalist currently based out of Guatemala. I asked them about vaccines. Guatemala placed 19th among the 22 countries of the region evaluated. As of June 2020, 62 percent of returned unaccompanied migrant children (UAC) self-identified as indigenous. Racism and patriarchy present profound challenges within the Guatemalan prison system. Two new DGMs were approved in 2021 for Guatemala and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), each for US$4.5 million. She's a public health nurse from Santiago, who's recently been charged with heading up the vaccination program for the entire province. Guatemala City: On July 23, 2021 the International Indian Treaty Council will participate in the opening event for two offices in Guatemala, hosted by the Mayan Kaqchikel University in Santo Domingo Xenacoj in the department of Sacatepquez. MARTIN: Recently, the disinformation led to violence in a remote Maya community in the northern province of Alta Verapaz. Estamos viviendo entre escombros. [We are living in the ruins] Guatevisin, 10 January 2021. https://www.guatevision.com/nacionales/departamentos/estamos-viviendo-entre-escombros-a-mas-de-dos-meses-de-la-inundacion-en-campur-gobierno-aun-analiza-que-acciones-tomar, [17] Elas, Silvel. Por Cesar Gomez (Maya Pocomam, CS Staff) On June 9-10, 2021, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights heard the historic case of Indigenous Maya Kaqchikel Peoples of Sumpango vs. Guatemala.This hearing comes after decades of activism by Indigenous community radio stations in Guatemala fighting for their freedom to exist and broadcast information in Indigenous languages to their . As a result, the minister of health announced that door-to-door vaccination campaigns were being suspended. [10], In addition, the promise of economic support consisting of USD400 distributed in three monthly payments to those with an electricity bill was reduced to a total of USD165 with no explanation as to the reasons for the reduction, in addition to which thousands of Indigenous families with no electricity were excluded from this support. In 1944, Juan Jos Arvalo, a critic of Ubico, was named president of Guatemala. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. The Maya can be further divided into 24 groups: the Achi, Akateco, Awakateco, Chalchiteco, Chorti, Chuj, Itza, Ixil, Jacalteco, Kaqchikel, Kiche, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomchi, Qanjobal, Qeqchi, Sakapulteco, Sipakapense, Tektiteko, Tzutujil and Uspanteko. Nearly 70 percent of the population of Guatemala is outside of the formal economy. The economic elite recuperated their influence and further organized to maintain their iron grip on Guatemalan society following the coup. One unfortunate loss was that of Mr. Reginaldo Chayax Huex, leader of the Maya Itz people in Petn department. Read more. Social exclusion is demonstrated in a lack of health services sufficiently equipped to meet the needs of the Indigenous population, especially those living in remote areas. 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